A Standalone server is a type of server that is not part of a larger network
infrastructure such as an Active Directory domain. In a general sense, a standalone
server provides services to clients without relying on any external resources,
including authentication. However, in the Windows
Server System, a server can
either be a Domain Controller, a Member server (joined to a domain), or a Standalone server (joined to a workgroup). Therefore, a single server that is hosting an Active
Directory domain would be considered a Domain Controller and not a standalone
server.
Web server can refer to either the hardware (the computer) or the software (the
computer application) that helps to deliver content that can be accessed through the Internet.
The most common use of web servers is to host websites, but there are other uses such as gaming, data storage or running enterprise applications.
The term application server was originally used when discussing early client–server systems to differentiate servers that contain application logic SQL services and middleware servers as distinct from other types of data-servers.
WebLogic's Tengah Becomes First Application Server to Implement Software Distribution and Management; Company's Zero Administration Client Helps Control Desktop Total Cost-of-Ownership
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